It is assumed the data can be described by a power law, expressed either as Y or X dependent (referring to the second and first axis on a fatigue curve).
Compute the error/difference between the model and the data
```math
E = Y_{\textrm{p}} - Y_{\textrm{d}}
```
Extract the data with a positive error. We are only interested in the positive difference, as these are an indication of the points below the mean line.